For example , a VW Touareg car full of technical equipment such as camera sensors , laser scanners and computers , participate in a competition called donkey scenario . Sophisticated car without a driver designed by Thorsten Lüttel , autonomous systems engineers in aerospace and space branches in the German army academy in Munich .
Sensors scan camera about the situation , laser scanners to measure the distance and create a cloud points of three -dimensional , while the computer is in charge of analyzing the data , and with it control of the car autonomously , in a sense operate the gas , brake , steering wheel and gearshift gear .
In this competition , the car should follow the car in front of him . " The car that the robot does not know where to be advanced to . Thing in mind , should follow the car in front of him , no matter which way " , said the researchers from the University of Munich .
Map created on the way
In other competitions , the robots were tested in a search for a route to independence scenario specified targets . Robots just given GPS position coordinates of the target location , but there is absolutely no maps or other information .
A small vehicle with a chain -wheel drive like tanks , artificial Frank Holler from the Fraunhofer Institute for Communication , Information and Ergonomie analysis ( FKIE ) participated in the competitions page.
This small robot must find its target in difficult hilly terrain and berlembah . To that end , the robot utilizes a laser image made himself into a map . The farther the distance ranges , the larger the map is created . " The robot continues to move toward the target position corresponding GPS coordinates . If entering a dead end , the robot reads the map , to find another route , moving there and back trying to reach the target ," said Holler . The committee can also add to the difficulty of competition . For example, by blocking the road with logs robot backwards . Or also a much more difficult obstacle recognizable robot . For example, the pool water surface looks solid or covered in mud.
Also the grass is actually not dangerous , sometimes can not be recognized by such a robot . Holler recalled previous trials related constraints of this grass .
" The route is heightened and the grass grows on the sides of the road . High grass , exactly the same high street . When tuning the laser to make the overall image of the area , the computer can no longer recognize the existing road . Those computers entirely flat appearance of the area " , said Holler .
As a result, the robot moves toward the grass and got stuck there unable to move . This is one of the weaknesses of the technique in the past , are now trying to be fixed .
Seeking and finding
In other competitions , the robot must find signs warning orange square . Such signs are usually affixed to trucks transporting toxic and hazardous materials . Robot duty photographing the sign and then create a map of the route to the sign.
Torsten informatics experts Fiolka entered the competition in this branch . He utilizes a laser scanner , whose function is not only able to measure the distance between two objects , but also the intensity of the reflected laser beam .
" Signs of the danger signs , generally emit very strong reflection , much stronger than other objects . So , in a cloud of data points I look for objects that laser powerful reflections and test it, if the dimensions of the danger signs warning signs " , said Fioloka explained methods.
All of that is not just a game . The target of this competition is to develop robots that assists the military , police or fire department in an emergency situation . That's why M - ELROB held under the watchful eye of the customers of potential candidates .
Competition organizers Frank Schneider of the Fraunhofer Institute for Communication , Information and Ergonomie analysis ( FKIE ) said , however, very important to develop a robot with more interest-oriented operation in hazardous or emergency conditions .
" Because the communication between the system and the user , in terms of the interaction between man and machine has so far been stepchildren in the family " , said Schneider .
Humans have superior sensory
There are fundamental reasons why the use of robots in surgery or emergency security is still viewed critically . Primarily on firefighting assignments , in emergency situations , helper robots are mostly still moving very slow and inflexible .
" Humans react much more quickly , and in a disaster scenario , every second was crucial ," said Frank Schneider . " Robots are deployed only in a very dangerous situation . Phones, always the helper officers wearing protective clothing , which work directly with the equipment " , says communications expert , and ergonomics that information . .
Considering such a situation , Andreas Ciossek of Telerob firm develops robot to defuse the bomb , and measured the levels of harmful gases or levels of radioactivity . But admittedly, a robot can not accurately assess whether a building is really threatened to collapse .
" If man were inside the building , they could assert , whether a wall was damaged . Humans can hear the faint sound of the walls were cracked , or see the subtle cracks . Through the camera on the robot , it is very difficult to be seen and heard ," said the robot was .
Ciossek said masakini robots , is still far from what is called a true artificial intelligence . " We must move away from the description of intelligent robots as they appear in the movie or television screen . Due to what appears to be all in the film can be made , the reality is much different at all ," added robotics expert from the Telerob Firm .
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